Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare)

Hardy biennial or perennial herb.  A member of the Apiaceae (carrot) family, Fennel has characteristic feathery leaves and produces small, delicate umbels of flowers in summer.  Prefers full sun and well-drained soil. Can reach heights of 2.5m (8ft).

Used as a culinary herb since Roman and Egyptian times, all parts of the plant (leaves, seeds, flowers) can be eaten. Fresh fronds can be added to salads or used as a herbal tea, flowers can be added to salads and seeds can be used fresh or dried to make a refreshing herbal tea.

Medicinally, Fennel is known as a carminative herb – relieving stomach cramps and wind and an aromatic digestive.  It is an expectorant and thus useful in the treatment of bronchial complaints.  It is also associated with treatment of the eye.  A cool Fennel tea compress can be used as a home remedy for relieving conjunctivitis.  Fennel contains phytoestrogens that have an influence on the female reproductive system.  Can help to stimulate menstruation and support menopausal symptoms caused by low oestrogen levels.

Energetics:  Hot, Sweet, Bitter.